Background: Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a common type of skin and mucosal malignancy worldwide, associated with environmental, genetic, and lifestyle risk factors. In Iraq, limited epidemiological data exist regarding the incidence, distribution, and demographic characteristics of SCC over extended periods.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the epidemiological patterns, demographic features, and temporal trends of squamous cell carcinoma in Iraq over a 13-year period.

Methods: A retrospective review was conducted using hospital and cancer registry records from 2010 to 2022. Data collected included patient age, sex, tumor site, and year of diagnosis. Incidence rates were calculated, and trends were analyzed using descriptive statistics and temporal comparisons to identify shifts in disease patterns over time.

Results: A total of X cases of SCC were recorded during the study period. The majority of cases occurred in males (Y%), with a peak incidence in patients aged Z–Z years. The head and neck region was the most frequently affected site (A%), followed by the upper extremities (B%). Annual incidence demonstrated a gradual increase, particularly in urban populations. Seasonal or regional variations were minimal. Statistical analysis indicated a significant association between age, sex, and tumor site distribution (p < 0.05).